IDENTIFIKASI DAN REKONSTRUKSI STRUKTURAL FAKTOR DOMINAN KEPUASAN KERJA PADA INDUSTRI PENYELENGGARA JASA PENGOLAHAN UANG RUPIAH (PJPUR): ANALISIS MULTIVARIAT EFA DAN STUDI EKSPLANATORI KUALITATIF

Dicki Kusmayadi; Adam Cullen

doi:10.32806/jii.v7i1.2451

Authors

Dicki Kusmayadi Program Studi Manajemen Universitas Tekhnologi Digital
Adam Cullen Program Studi Manajemen Universitas Tekhnologi Digital

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32806/jii.v7i1.2451

Keywords:

Kepuasan Kerja, JSS, PJPUR, Principal Component Analysis, Sekuensial Eksplanatori, Metode Campuran.

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan merekonstruksi faktor-faktor dominan yang membentuk kepuasan kerja karyawan PT ACS sebagai perusahaan Penyelenggara Jasa Pengolahan Uang Rupiah (PJPUR) yang memiliki karakteristik pekerjaan padat karya, berisiko tinggi, dan berada dalam pengawasan operasional yang ketat. Penelitian menggunakan desain metode campuran eksplanatori sekuensial (sequential explanatory mixed methods), dengan pengumpulan data kuantitatif terhadap 364 karyawan melalui instrumen Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS). Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan Principal Component Analysis (PCA), kemudian diperdalam melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur terhadap 15 informan kunci. Hasil analisis mengidentifikasi tiga komponen utama yang secara kumulatif menjelaskan 68,32% total varians, yaitu: (1) Jaminan Jangka Panjang dan Benefit Finansial; (2) Tata Kelola Manajerial dan Rekognisi Karier; serta (3) Dinamika Sosial dan Aktualisasi Kerja. Karakteristik responden menunjukkan dominasi karyawan laki-laki (94%) dan kelompok usia muda (67%). Temuan kualitatif memperkaya hasil kuantitatif dengan menunjukkan bahwa persepsi terhadap risiko keselamatan kerja berkaitan dengan pentingnya perlindungan finansial, empati supervisor menjadi bagian penting dalam menghadapi tekanan regulasi dan operasional, sedangkan solidaritas antarkaryawan yang dimaknai sebagai “persaudaraan jalanan” berperan sebagai sumber dukungan emosional dalam menghadapi tekanan pekerjaan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi empiris melalui integrasi temuan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dalam menjelaskan struktur kepuasan kerja pada sektor PJPUR, khususnya industri cash-in-transit (CIT) yang masih relatif terbatas dikaji dalam literatur manajemen sumber daya manusia.

References

Adams, John Stacey. “Inequity in Social Exchange.” In Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. Vol. 2, edited by Leonard Berkowitz, 267–299. New York: Academic Press, 1965.

Bakker, Arnold B., and Evangelia Demerouti. “The Job Demands-Resources Model: State of the Art.” Journal of Managerial Psychology 22, no. 3 (2007): 309–328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115.

Braun, Virginia, and Victoria Clarke. “Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology.” Qualitative Research in Psychology 3, no. 2 (2006): 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa.

Cohen-Charash, Yochi, and Paul E. Spector. “The Role of Justice in Organizations: A Meta-Analysis.” Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 86, no. 2 (2001): 278–321. https://doi.org/10.1006/obhd.2001.2958.

Colquitt, Jason A. “On the Dimensionality of Organizational Justice: A Construct Validation of a Measure.” Journal of Applied Psychology 86, no. 3 (2001): 386–400. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.386.

Creswell, John W., and Vicki L. Plano Clark. Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research. 3rd ed. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications, 2018.

Guetterman, Timothy C., Michael D. Fetters, and John W. Creswell. “Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Results in Health Science Mixed Methods Research Through Joint Displays.” Annals of Family Medicine 13, no. 6 (2015): 554–561. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.1865.

Herzberg, Frederick, Bernard Mausner, and Barbara Bloch Snyderman. The Motivation to Work. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1959.

Jogi, Swati, Kamal Kant Vashisth, Supriya Srivastava, Bráulio Alturas, and Devesh Kumar. “Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: A Comprehensive Review of the Shared Determinants.” Human Systems Management 44, no. 3 (2025): 379–395. https://doi.org/10.1177/01672533241303286.

Jolliffe, Ian T., and Jorge Cadima. “Principal Component Analysis: A Review and Recent Developments.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2065 (2016): 20150202. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0202.

Judge, Timothy A., and John D. Kammeyer-Mueller. “Job Attitudes.” Annual Review of Psychology 63 (2012): 341–367. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100511.

Kaiser, Henry F. “An Index of Factorial Simplicity.” Psychometrika 39 (1974): 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575.

Kossek, Ellen Ernst, Shaun Pichler, Todd Bodner, and Leslie B. Hammer. “Workplace Social Support and Work-Family Conflict: A Meta-Analysis Clarifying the Influence of General and Work-Family-Specific Supervisor and Organizational Support.” Personnel Psychology 64, no. 2 (2011): 289–313. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2011.01211.x.

Nahrgang, Jennifer D., Frederick P. Morgeson, and David A. Hofmann. “Safety at Work: A Meta-Analytic Investigation of the Link Between Job Demands, Job Resources, Burnout, Engagement, and Safety Outcomes.” Journal of Applied Psychology 96, no. 1 (2011): 71–94. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021484.

Ng, Thomas W. H., and Kelly L. Sorensen. “Toward a Further Understanding of the Relationships Between Perceptions of Support and Work Attitudes: A Meta-Analysis.” Group & Organization Management 33, no. 3 (2008): 243–268. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601107313307.

Spector, Paul E. “Measurement of Human Service Staff Satisfaction: Development of the Job Satisfaction Survey.” American Journal of Community Psychology 13, no. 6 (1985): 693–713. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00929796