KONSTRUKSI ETIKA PRIVASI DI ERA DIGITAL: Analisis Semantik Toshihiko Izutsu terhadap Lafal Isti'dhān dalam Al-Qur'an

Abstract

The degradation of privacy and social ethics has emerged as a crucial challenge for Muslim societies in the era of digital interaction, particularly concerning the blurring boundaries between public and private spheres. In response to this issue, the Qur'an offers a comprehensive ethical foundation through the concept of isti’dhān (seeking permission). This article aims to reconstruct the semantic structure of isti’dhān in the Qur'an and analyze its relevance to the formation of contemporary Muslim social ethics in cyberspace. Employing a qualitative library-based method, this study integrates Toshihiko Izutsu’s Qur'anic semantic analysis to dissect its linguistic philosophy and the adabī–ijtimā‘ī exegetical orientation to project its meaning into the social realm. Primary data focus on the isti’dhān verses (specifically QS. al-Nūr [24]: 27–29 and QS. al-Aḥzāb [33]: 53), analyzed through classical and contemporary exegetical discourses. The findings reveal that semantically, the basic meaning of isti’dhān goes beyond physical visitation etiquette, forming a relational meaning with the terms ḥurmah (dignity/sanctity) and salām (peace/security). The Qur'anic worldview regarding isti’dhān manifests the principle of absolute protection over the authority of private space, human dignity, and individual consent. Contextually, this interpretation transforms isti’dhān from mere door-knocking manners into a universal principle for personal data protection and social media ethics. This article contributes to expanding the scope of adabī–ijtimā‘ī exegesis while offering an applicable ethical framework for Muslim social relations in the cyber era.