Membongkar Kearifan Ayat Nusyūz: Eksplorasi Maqāṣid dalam Tafsir Tahrīr wa Tanwīr Menurut Ibnu ‘Asyūr

Abstract

This paper discusses Ibn ‘Āshūr’s perspective on the maqāṣid-based interpretation of the verse on nushūz (disobedience) in his exegetical work al-Taḥrīr wa al-Tanwīr. His tafsīr is characterized as moderate and balanced, emphasizing both the textual and purposive dimensions of Islamic legal reasoning. In interpreting Surah al-Nisā’ verse 34, Ibn ‘Āshūr rejects presumptions as a valid basis for determining nushūz, asserting instead the necessity of clear and concrete evidence. This study employs a qualitative library research method by analyzing al-Taḥrīr wa al-Tanwīr and related scholarly literature on Ibn ‘Āshūr. The findings indicate that although the husband is granted limited authority to respond to nushūz through three stages-advice, separation in bed, and, if absolutely necessary, light physical discipline-each measure must be applied proportionally and must not degrade the dignity of the wife. The central principle emphasized is the preservation of justice, family welfare, and human dignity, in line with the objectives (maqāṣid) of Islamic law.